### Introduction Flying on instruments takes everything you've learned so far, and adds a whole new world of procedures and processes. You may have heard IFR described as the other 50% of aviation -- while the flying fundamentals and systems are familiar, the new knowledge required is comparable in size to everything you learned for PPL. To set us up for training success, we'll start with the [[IFR]] flight training process and requirements, so you know what is coming in the future. **Pre-Lesson Reading/Homework:** [[~ IRA Pre-Lesson Reading]] **Builds On:** [[PPL4.3 Flight Planning, Navigation Systems, and Other XC Equipment]] **Schedule:** Ground 1.0 hr > [!note] > Can often be completed at the same time as [[IRA1.2 Instruments and Attitude Flying]]. ### Lesson Elements 1. Overview of [[IFR]] flight training process, syllabus overview 1. [[TSA]], onboarding, etc 2. Aircraft choice, [[Choosing a Ground School|ground school choice]], high performance, traditional vs technically advanced. Time and cost commitment and scheduling 1. Private: 70-90 hours, about $20k-$30k 2. Instrument 40-60 hours, about $15k-$20k 3. Simulation software and PC tools 4. Use of [[AATD]]/[[BATD]] and [[safety pilot]] to reduce costs 3. [[IRA.A Instrument Rating Flight Experience Requirements]] 1. Part of training can be done with a [[Safety Pilot]] 2. Part of training can be done with an instructor in an [[AATD]] like the PFC1000s at [[WVFC]] 4. Airman Certification Standards ([[Instrument ACS]]) and Knowledge (written) test 5. Recency of experience [[FAR 61.57 Recent Flight Experience]] and [[FAR 61.51 Pilot Logbooks]] 1. [[6 HITS]], and logging "ITS" 2. Logging [[IAP]], what’s required ([[InFO 15012]]) 1. Note: they don't want you self-vectoring. Having a [[safety pilot]] or [[CFI]] or [[ATC]] vector is ok, otherwise fly the whole approach from [[IAF]] to [[MAP]] 3. > [!warning] For future commercial pilots > This time does NOT automatically satisfy the required instrument training for the commercial certificate, unless it was specifically logged to satisfy both [[FAR 61.65 Instrument Rating Reqs|61.65]](d) and also [[FAR 61.129 CPL Experience Reqs|61.129]](a). See [[Hartzell 2010]] and [[Oord 2018]] legal interpretations. 6. Stages of training in [[~ IRA Lesson Plan Outline|syllabus]], Phase checks^[[[WVFC]] phase check published for members [here](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1SWFJ0ebOeBLi8jAhSQdilPilrJiuOWzb)] 7. Risk avoidance and management 1. Intro to multi-tasking, workload management, checklists 2. [[See and Avoid]] still expected [[IFR]] on [[VMC]] day 3. [[Personal Minimums]], [[Operational Pitfalls]], proficiency vs currency, [[PAVE]] 2. Flight Deck Resources 1. Digital Charts ([[EFB]]) 1. Pros - lighter, backlighting, digital updates, GPS integration, EFB can include more than just charts (TIS-B, Datalink weather, W+B, Chart supplements) 2. Cons - Battery, fragile, can’t update inflight, expensive, over heat 2. Paper Charts 1. Pros - Don’t require battery, less fragile than EFB 2. Cons - Expire, no search function, take space and weight 3. Mounting 1. Yoke^[weight on controls], kneeboard^[head motion down], suction^[obscures peripheral vision] 2. Turbulence 4. Chart and database currency 1. Nav databases and d-TPP every 28 days 2. Charts and sectionals every 56 days 3. [[FAA]] vs. [[Jeppesen]] 3. Plan for required checkouts, as needed 1. [[Suggested Aircraft Checkout Process|Aircraft Checkout]] 2. [[~ G1000 Lesson Plan Outline|G1000 Checkout]] 3. [[SIM.1 Basic AATD Checkout]] ### Completion Standards Learner understands the instrument flight training process and roadmap ahead. ### Required Homework - [ ] TSA, as needed *Return to [[~ IRA Lesson Plan Outline|Table of Contents]]^*